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4. Glycan Related to Symbiosis and Parasitism |
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● Multi-specificity of mushroom lectin Mushroom is mysterious among fungi. It grows in rotten soil and dead leaves. Somehow there is sugar binding protein (lectin) that has various unique specificities 3). Psathyrella velutina lectin, basidiomycota, one of the Eumycetes, is one of the few lectins that are specific to anti-restoration terminus N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc), and it is expected to be useful for glycan researches in biochemistry and pathology as well as clinical diagnosed medicine. We found out that PVL well-bonds with other glycosialic acids 4) which have N-acetylmuramic group in the same part as GlcNAc binding part 1). We also found out that PVL bonds with acid polysaccharide including hepalin and polygalacturonic acid, but this interaction occurs in a different part from GlcNAc recognizing part 2). That means PVL is multi-specific lectin, and other than this, it bonds with bio high molecules that have various glycans such as acid glycolipid. It has not been cleared what role PVL plays in the living system of Psathyrella velutina, saprobic fungi. However, in Arthrobotrys oligospora, other Eumycetes, there is a possibility that multi-specific lectin works when bacteria prey on nematode. We expect that this kind of lectin plays an important role in the ecology of fungi such as parasitism, saprobe and symbiosis.
1)
Ueda H., et al. (1999)
FEBS Lett.,
448
, 75-80（Recent research paper 3）
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